What is the role of neurons in the body?

Neurons play a crucial role in the body by conducting nerve impulses, which are essential for communication within the nervous system. These specialized cells transmit information throughout the body by creating and transmitting electrical signals. When stimulated, neurons generate action potentials that travel along their axons and communicate with other neurons, muscles, or glands. This process enables functions such as reflexes, sensory perception, and coordination of bodily functions.

While some of the other options involve functions carried out by different cell types or systems in the body, neurons specifically focus on relaying information. For instance, hormone production is primarily the role of endocrine glands, movement is facilitated by muscle cells and coordination from the nervous system, and digestion is managed by the digestive system including various organs and enzymes. Thus, the unique function of neurons in conducting nerve impulses distinguishes them as integral components of the nervous system.